Wireless chargers use electromagnetic induction to transfer energy from the charger to the iPhone without the need for a physical cable connection. Inside the wireless charger, there are coils of wire that generate an alternating electromagnetic field when connected to a power source. Similarly, the iPhone has coils that receive this electromagnetic field and convert it back into electrical energy to charge the battery.

Wireless charging is generally considered safe for the battery in an iPhone. Modern iPhones are designed to manage charging efficiently, including wireless charging. However, it's essential to use a reputable wireless charger and avoid exposing your iPhone to extreme temperatures while charging, as this can potentially affect battery health over time.

Your iPhone charger may not be working due to these common reasons:

1. Faulty Charger or Cable: Check for any visible damage to the charger or cable. Try using a different charger or cable to see if the problem persists.

2. Dirty Charging Port: Clean the charging port on your iPhone with a soft brush or compressed air to remove any debris.

3. Software Issues: Restart your iPhone or update its software to the latest version to address any potential software glitches.

4. Power Outlet Issues: Try plugging the charger into a different outlet or using a different power source to rule out any issues with the outlet.

5. Device Issues: There may be underlying hardware issues with your iPhone that are preventing it from charging properly.